Learn Latin Vocab - The DIVINE FORTY-NINE


NOUNS	1st Declension -A, -AE (mostly feminine)
LATIN	ENGLISH	DERIVATIVE	VDB PROMPT
HORA	HOUR	hour	(deriv.)
NOUNS	2nd Declension -US, -I (all masculine)
ANNUS	YEAR	annual, anniversary	.....told you there were some easy ones! The reason this only comes in now is because Time Expressions are not used until Level 3.
SOMNUS	SLEEP	insomnia, somnambulist	(deriv.'s)
NOUNS	2nd Declension neuter -UM, -I
PRAEMIUM	REWARD	premium	a winning Premium Bond will bring you a reward
TELUM	SPEAR, WEAPON	?	quick! tel'um there's a spear heading straight for them!
NOUNS	3rd Declension, various stems and genders
ANIMAL, animalis (n)	ANIMAL	animal	umm......
CUSTOS, custodis (m)	GUARD	custody, custodian	deriv.'s; also some find customs officers a help; or, 'guard your custard...'!
GENS, gentis (f)	RACE, PEOPLE, TRIBE	genocide, Gentiles	the Gentiles were all the other races that weren't Jewish
LABOR, laboris (m)	HARD WORK, TROUBLE	labour	deriv.'s; especially the Labours of Heracles
NOX, noctis (f)	NIGHT	nocturnal	deriv.'s; another likely 'Time Expression' noun
OPUS, operis (n)	JOB of WORK, TASK	operate, operation	deriv.'s; also Opus Dei
PRINCEPS, principis (c)	CHIEF, LEADER	prince, principal	deriv.'s; N.B. 'princeps' is also the normal Latin word for 'Emperor'
TEMPESTAS, tempestatis (f)	STORM, WEATHER	tempest	deriv.'s; when used for 'weather' it usually means 'bad weather'!
NOUNS	5th Declension -ES, -EI (mostly feminine)
DIES (m)	DAY	diary	'die another day'; again a very likely 'Time Expression' word
FIDES	FAITH, PROMISE	fidelity, confidence	Fido, your faithful friend; 'hi-fi' gives highly faithful sound reproduction; fid. def. on coins; the carol 'adeste fideles' (o come all ye faithful)
RES	THING, BUSINESS, MATTER, AFFAIR....	real, really	it has so many meanings it is an easy matter/thing/business to learn it
SPES	HOPE	desperate, despair	if you're de-sperate all your hope has gone down from you


ADJECTIVES	1st/2nd Declension: -US -A -UM
LATIN	ENGLISH	DERIVATIVE	VDB PROMPT
ALIUS	(AN)OTHER	alien	also connected to 'alias'; learn too ALII...ALII...: some...others...
SUPERBUS	PROUD, ARROGANT	superb	Tarquinius Superbus: Tarquin the Proud (word is always used in a bad sense); he was proud of his super bus
TOTUS	WHOLE	total	(deriv.)
ADJECTIVES	3rd Declension
CELER celeris celere	QUICK	accelerate	deriv.'s; see prompts for 'celeriter', espec. celery grows quickly


PRONOUNS	various
LATIN	ENGLISH	DERIVATIVE	VDB PROMPT
IDEM eadem idem	THE SAME	identical	the 'definitive' pronoun (!) It's the same as is ea id with '-dem' on the end
IPSE ipsa ipsum	-SELF	?	the 'intensive' pronoun...'ipsy daisy! He's hurt himself!'
QUI quae quod	WHO, WHICH	Fr. qui	the 'relative' pronoun (a very important one!). Fr. deriv. should help most


ADVERBS	all indeclinable
LATIN	ENGLISH	DERIVATIVE	VDB PROMPT
INTEREA	MEANWHILE	?	literally: 'amongst those things' (inter ea); some people remember it visually by the -ea- similarity; otherwise, it is a mean one - and while you're thinking it's mean, that's what it means - mean-while!
LENTE	SLOWLY	Fr. lentement	if you've given up something nice for Lent, it really goes slowly!
PAENE	ALMOST, NEARLY	peninsula, penultimate	deriv.'s; then there's the old pupil who liked making pesto sauce: 'got the basil, the oil, the cheese - oops, almost forgot the pine-nuts...!'


CONJUNCTIONS	all indeclinable
LATIN	ENGLISH	DERIVATIVE	VDB PROMPT
AUT	OR	?	'nunc aut numquam' (yet again!) Also learn aut...aut...: either...or...: 'either you get 'aut' or I'll kick you 'aut'!
DUM	WHILE	?	if you're a bit 'dum', it takes you a while to remember things...
NEC, NEQUE	AND...NOT...	?	use the -que on the 'ne': and something negative
NEC...NEC... or NEQUE...NEQUE...	NEITHER...NOR	?	worth an entry on its own! If two runners are 'neck and neck', neither one is winning, and nor is the other
UT/NE - no longer required for CE: Scholarship only	(IN ORDER) TO, (IN ORDER) NOT TO	?	needs a whole topic on its own to explain the difference between Purpose Clauses and Indirect Commands. See future pages of this website! P.S. if you're wondering why there are only apparently 48 boxes in the Divine 49, it's because UT and NE are, of course, two different words!


VERBS	1st Conjugation: -O -ARE -AVI -ATUM
LATIN	ENGLISH	DERIVATIVE	VDB PROMPT
IMPERO - no longer required for CE.	ORDER, COMMAND	imperative	*deriv.'s. This verb puts its object in the Dative* case**
IUVO -are iuvi iutum	HELP	ADJUTANT	can be made to associate with the two top Gods men & women would call upon for help: Jove (Iuppiter, Iovis) and Juno (Iuno).
VERBS	2nd Conjugation: principal parts as shown
PERSUADEO -ere persuasi persuasum - no longer required for CE	PERSUADE	persuasive	another verb putting its object in the Dative.
VERBS	3rd Conjugation: various principal parts
COGO -ere coegi coactum	FORCE	cogent	the ideas of to coax or coach (he forces you to train!) may be useful
CONTENDO -ere contendi contentum	HURRY, MARCH	contender	contenders in a race are hurrying to win the prize; 'march' sense used with soldiers/armies
CREDO -ere credidi creditum	BELIEVE, TRUST	(in)credible, credit, creed	The Creed: 'I Believe in one God...'; another verb with its object in the Dative
PELLO -ere pepuli pulsum	PUSH, DRIVE	repel, propeller, repulsive	deriv.'s; easiest one is probably 'your pulse pushes the blood around your body'
PETO petere petivi petitum	LOOK FOR, ATTACK	(com)petition	to remember all the Principal Parts as well as the meaning: I look for my small (petit-um) pet Peter(e) behind the -Tivi
RELINQUO -ere reliqui relictum	LEAVE BEHIND	relic, relinquish, derelict	(deriv.'s)
VERBS	Mixed Conjugation: various principal parts
INTERFICIO -ere interfeci interfectum	KILL, PUT TO DEATH	?	compound of 'facio', with 'inter' as a prefix: 'facio' can mean 'I do': so it's 'I do in...(ter)!'
VERBS	4th Conjugation: -IO -IRE -IVI -ITUM
CONVENIO -ire conveni conventum	MEET, COME TOGETHER	convent, convention, convenient	how convenient! It's all come together nicely
CUSTODIO	GUARD	custody, custodian	deriv.'s; also see prompts for 'custos'
VERBS	irregular conjugation
ADEO adire adii aditum	GO TO, APPROACH	see other compounds of 'eo'	this repeats the ideas of the previous compounds of 'eo': this time it's 'eo' + 'ad'.
FERO ferre tuli latum	BRING, CARRY, BEAR	transfer, ferry, translate	deriv.'s: some would say that fero's principal parts are so weird, they are 'truly Latin'!
NOLO nolle nolui	DON'T WANT, REFUSE	see 'volo' below	the negative version of 'volo'! You've already met its imperatives: noli(te) - meaning 'don't'; really they mean 'don't want to do that!'
VOLO velle volui	WISH, WANT, BE WILLING	voluntary, volunteer	deriv.'s should give you the meaning. Beware: this verb probably has the strangest Present Tense of all (after 'sum')!